Favourable and Unfavourable Outcomes


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Favorable and Unfavorable Outcomes

To understand the concept of probability let us first understand the terms used

Random Experiment 

It is an experiment in which

(i)  all the possible outcomes of the experiment are known in advance.

(ii) the actual performance of the experiment results in an outcome not known in advance,e.g.,tossing of a coin;throwing of a cubical die and taking out one card from a pack of 52 playing cards.

Trial:

Performing an experiment is called a trial. For example tossing a coin is a trial

Outcome:

The result of an experiment is called an outcome.For example getting a head or a tail is an outcome.

Sample Space:

A set of all possible outcomes of an experiment is called a sample space. For example if we toss a coin then the sample space is (Head, Tail)

Equally Likely Outcome:

Two or more outcomes are said to be equally likely if taking everything into consideration regarding the experiment, we cannot say that one outcome is more likely to occur in preference to the other. For example, if a dice is marked with a 1 on one face and with a 2 on all the remaining faces. When such a dice is thrown the outcome will be 2 is more likely to occur than 1. Thus in this case getting 1 or 2 on a dice are not equally likely where as if we have a dice on which different numbers are marked on different faces then all the outcomes are equally likely.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

A basket contains 12 oranges, 7 apples, 5 mangoes and 4 bananas. Sukhmeet picks up a fruit without looking at it. What is the number of favourable cases that it is a mango?

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 2

How many favourable outcomes are there for picking a black marble from a jar containing 12 white, 10 grey and 20 black marbles?

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 3

How many favourable outcomes are there for a girl to become a class representative , when there are 15 girls and 10 boys to choose from ?

Right Option : B
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Explanation
 
 
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